MATT TRAVERSO’S ARTICLE
Furthermore, one of the tasks in the peripheral metabolism of insulin – effect on the central regulation of energy balances. Insulin is rapidly eliminated through the liver tissue and kidney (half-life of 5-10 min). Circulating levels of insulin during fasting is very low. In contrast, the C-peptide is not transferred to the liver and kidney and therefore has a longer circulation half-life (30 min.).
Basal level and the level of circulating insulin by stimulating glucose relatively stable in infants and children, and these figures are increased during puberty due to a decrease in insulin sensitivity. Higher concentrations of insulin in obese individuals: it depends partly on the amount of visceral fat regulatory hormones that correlate with the level of glucose, such as glucagon, glucocorticoids, growth hormone, insulin sensitivity is reduced and its effect. Insulin levels may increase due to the impact of these exogenous substrates.
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Determination of the concentration of insulin in blood is necessary for differentiating various forms of diabetes, therapeutic drug selection, selection of an optimal therapy, establishing the degree of β-cell failure. Determination of insulin makes sense only in patients who did not receive insulin because the formation of antibodies to exogenous hormones. Determination of the concentration of circulating insulin in some cases is useful in the diagnostic evaluation of some states. Elevated levels of insulin in the presence of low concentrations of glucose may be indicative of pathological hyperinsulinemia, namely nesidioblastosis and islet cell tumors of the pancreas.
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